• • Dry baby on mother's abdomen
• • Provide warmth (skin to skin care)
• • Assure open airway if needed
• • Cut cord in 1–2 minutes
• • Ongoing evaluation of neonate.

a. Inadequate seal Inappropriate position Blocked airway Inadequate pressure

b. Techniques to improve PPV using bag and mask.

Inadequate seal	Mask adjusted to ensure airtight seal
Inappropriate position	Reposition the head in sniffing position
Blocked airway	Suction the airway Open baby's mouth and ventilate
Inadequate pressure	Increase Pressure by squeezing the bag with more pressure till a chest rise is visible
No improvement with above steps	Alternate airway-Consider endotracheal intubation

Weight (g)	Gestational age (wks)	ET Tube size (mm) (inside diameter)	Suction Catheter Size(F)
Below 1000	Below 28	2.5	5F or 6F
1000–2000	28–34	3.0	6F or 8F
2000–3000	34–38	3.5	8F
Above 3000	Above 38	3.5–4.0	8F or 10F

a. First dose-2J/kg Subsequent dose-4J/kg

b.

• i. False
• ii. True
• iii. True

c.

• i. 5–15%
• ii. Asphyxia
• iii. International Liaison committee on resuscitation
• iv. CAB.
• d. 100/min
• 5 cm or 2 inches in child
• 4 cm or 1.5 inch in infants.

• a. Mention your intention to handwash.
• b. Check the equipment: Radiant warmer, oxygen source, suction, ambu bag—if time is available. If not, mention your intention to have done so prior to baby's birth.
• c. Performallbasic stepswithin30 seconds incorrect order—Providewarmth, suction-clear airway, dry and stimulate, give O2 if required.
• d. Evaluate and ask for vitals—Examiner says HR <100/min.
• e. Bag and mask ventilation—Self-inflating resuscitation bag, look for correct assembling of parts, position the baby correctly, select proper size mask. Position mask and provide appropriate ventilation (rate and rise–40-60/ min). Say out loud: squeeze-two-three-squeeze-
• f. Evaluate vitals—Examiner says HR < 60/min.
• g. Mention your intention to have an assistant to provide bag and mask ventilation during chest compressions.
• h. Chest compression—two finger technique, depth 1/3 of AP diameter of the chestratio 1:3, check pulses. Say out loud: One-and two-and three-and squeeze-and
• i. Evaluate HR decide about medication.
• j. Epinephrine is indicated if HR <60 after 30 secconds of assisted ventilation and 30seconds of coordinated chest compression and ventilations.

• a. Check Ambu bag, mask, reservoir and oxygen source.
• b. Attach reservoir, and oxygen source.
• c. Correct technique of ambu bagging—good seal, look for chest rise.
• d. Correct frequency of ambu bagging—40–60 breaths per minute. Say out loud: squeeze-two-three-squeeze-two-three.
• e. Countheartrate at endof 30 seconds—by applying stethoscopeorpalpating base of umbilical cord for 6 seconds.

• a. Place IV or umbilical line.

• b. Asks if mother has received narcotics.

• c. If no, then give epinephrine—0.1–0.3 mL/kg 1:10,000 IV or IT.

• d. If no improvement soda bicarb 2 mEq/kg IV slowly.

• e. If no improvement check that bag delivers 100% O₂.

• f. Check that head is not overflexed.

• g. Check that ET tube is in trachea.

• h. Adequate ventilation pressure is being provided.

• i. Adequate cardiac massage is being given.

A 8:

• a. Check the equipment.
• b. Perform all basic steps within 30 seconds in correct order—Provide warmth, suction-clear airway, dry and stimulate, give O₂ if required.
• c. Evaluates and ask for vitals: Examiner says HR < 100.
• d. Bag and mask ventilation self-inflating resuscitation bag.
  • · Correct assembling of parts.
  • · Position baby correctly.
  • · Select proper sized mask.
  • Provide ventilation.
  • · Check chest rise.
  • Rate of ventilation 40-60/min.
  • Evaluate vitals (HR < 60, HR > 60/min).

A 9:

a. Uncuffed:
$\frac{\text{age in years}}{4}+4=\frac{4+4}{4}=5.0$

b. Uncuffed:
$\frac{\text{age in years}}{4}+3=\frac{4+3}{4}=4.0$

c. Depth of insertion:
$\frac{\text{age in years}}{2}+12=14\text{ cm}$

A 10:

Sl. No.	Drug	Intravenous	Intraosseous	Intratracheal
a.	Lignocaine	Yes	Yes	Yes
b.	Epinephrine	Yes	Yes	Yes
c.	Atropine	Yes	Yes	Yes
d.	Naloxone	Yes	Yes	Yes
e.	Sodium bicarbonate	Yes	Yes	No
f.	Adenosine	Yes	Yes	No
g.	Dopamine	Yes	Yes	No
ĥ.	Calcium gluconate	Yes	Yes	No

No model answer in source material.

No model answer in source material.

No model answer in source material.

• a. Hypothermia, hypoxemia, hypovolemia, hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, metabolic disorders, cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, toxins, thromboembolism.
• b. 2 J/kg.
• c. Amiodarone 5 mg/kg, lignocaine 1 mg/kg, magnesium sulfate 25–50mg/kg.
• d. Before intubationand initiationofIPPR: 15:2, afterintubationand initiation of IPPR: 5:1.

d. Thrombocytosis.

• a. Lie the infant flat on his back.
• b. Open the airway by head-tilt, chin lift maneuver.
• c. Give five chest thrusts.
• d. Turn the baby over on your hand and give five back blows.
• e. Open the mouth and try to visualize the foreign body.